stem(x, nl=<<see below>>, scale=<<see below>>, twodig=F, fence=2, head=T, depth=F)
NA
s) are allowed.
2
,
5
,
10
.
The default is to determine an appropriate value automatically.
-1
would break
between the tens and the units digit.
By default, a suitable position is chosen from the range of the data.
TRUE
,
two digits are printed for each observation.
TRUE
, print a heading giving median,
quartiles,
and counts of data values and
NA
s.
TRUE
, precede each line with depth and count.
The count is the number of data values on a line.
The depth is the cumulative sum of the counts to the nearer extreme.
x
is printed.
Stem and leaf displays are very similar to histograms,
but retain more information, and are very easy to produce by hand.
The number of missing values is stated in the printout
if
head
is
TRUE
.
A number that is precisely zero is identified by
z
(or
zz
if
twodig
is
TRUE
).
Hoaglin, D. C., Mosteller, F. and Tukey, J. W., editors (1983). Understanding Robust and Exploratory Data Analysis. Wiley, New York.
Mosteller, F. and Tukey, J. W. (1977). Data Analysis and Regression. Addison-Wesley, Reading, Mass.
Velleman, P. F. and Hoaglin, D. C. (1981). Applications, Basics, and Computing of Exploratory Data Analysis. Duxbury, Boston.
stem(lottery.payoff)