residuals(object, levels, lmeFit, conLin)
lmeStruct
,
representing a list of linear mixed-effects model components, such as
reStruct
,
corStruct
, and
varFunc
objects.
object
. Level
values increase from outermost to innermost grouping, with
level zero corresponding to the population fitted values. Defaults to
the highest or innermost level of grouping.
beta
and
b
containing respectively the fixed effects estimates and the random
effects estimates to be used to calculate the residuals. Defaults
to
attr(object, "lmeFit")
.
"Xy"
, corresponding to a regression
matrix (
X
) combined with a response vector (
y
), and
"logLik"
, corresponding to the log-likelihood of the
underlying lme model. Defaults to
attr(object, "conLin")
.
level
,
the returned value is a vector with the residuals at the desired
level; else, when multiple grouping levels are specified in
level
, the returned object is a matrix with
columns given by the residuals at different levels.
NOTE: This method function is primarily used inside the
lme
function.
Bates, D.M. and Pinheiro, J.C. (1998) "Computational methods for multilevel models" available in PostScript or PDF formats at http://nlme.stat.wisc.edu